| CVE |
Vendors |
Products |
Updated |
CVSS v3.1 |
| Double free in Connected Devices Platform Service (Cdpsvc) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| Use after free in Internet Explorer allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| Use after free in Windows Hello allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| Use after free in Windows Bluetooth Service allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over an adjacent network. |
| Use after free in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Search Component allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. |
| Use after free in Windows Universal Disk Format File System Driver (UDFS) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Partition Management Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| Release of invalid pointer or reference in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| Out-of-bounds read in Windows Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS) allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
amt: send the relay's General Query directly from the receive path
An skb queued in a qdisc can outlive the tunnel it references
through a raw pointer in skb->cb. For example, with igmp_qrv set
to 1 on the relay a tunnel lives for 135s, so a netem delay of
180s on the amt device outlives it; when the tunnel expires and is
freed, the subsequent dequeue triggers a use-after-free in
amt_dev_xmit().
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in amt_dev_xmit+0x2763/0x2e20
Call Trace:
amt_dev_xmit+0x2763/0x2e20 [drivers/net/amt.c:1262]
dev_hard_start_xmit+0x22f/0x620
sch_direct_xmit+0x12e/0xac0
netem_dequeue+0x333/0xc50
net_tx_action+0x35c/0xa60
amt_send_igmp_gq() and amt_send_mld_gq() are only called from
amt_request_handler(), inside the rcu_read_lock_bh() section of
amt_rcv(). amt_request_handler() already has the tunnel the query is
for: it found or created it inside that section. Queuing the query with
dev_queue_xmit() only leads back into amt_dev_xmit(), which strips the
Ethernet header and calls amt_send_membership_query() for that tunnel.
Make that call directly from the two senders instead, the same way
amt_send_advertisement() transmits from the receive path. The query
never waits in a qdisc, the tunnel is only dereferenced inside the
RCU section that found or created it, and nothing is stored in
skb->cb, so no lookup or refcount is needed. Remove the query branch
of amt_dev_xmit(), amt_skb_cb() and struct amt_skb_cb, which have no
users left.
Behaviour changes:
- The relay's own General Queries no longer pass through the amt
device's egress path: its qdisc, tc egress (clsact/tcx), the
netfilter egress hook and packet taps. They are still visible as
UDP on the underlay.
- A query that is sent successfully is no longer counted as
tx_dropped. The old query branch left through the unlock label,
which counted every sent query as dropped.
- A query that reaches amt_dev_xmit() on a relay from elsewhere,
such as a userspace querier, is now dropped at the IGMP/MLD type
switch. Before, it trusted whatever skb->cb held, and a NULL
tunnel hit the WARN_ON(1). |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
namei: don't reveal overmounted entries in refwalk
In rcuwalk the dentry is validated before it is accepted. step_into()
step_into() rechecks d_seq and __follow_mount_rcu() rechecks mount_lock.
An entry that gets unlinked in between causes the lookup to retry and
miss.
A refwalk doesn't do this. lookup_fast() takes a reference on the hashed
dentry and simply accepts it. So an unlink that happens after the
reference was taken isn't seen by refwalk. That's fine for a simple
file. We just happened to open it before it was unlinked, no problem.
For a mountpoint and specifically a locked mountpoint it very much
isn't. The unlink detaches all mounts and then removes the name. Any
refwalk that hasn't traversed the mounts yet simply reveals the
underlying entry. It's a very narrow window but it can be hit:
reads of a covered file in 60 s, 3 walkers, ~15000 unlinks
no widening 27
that step + 200 us 3741
See the appended patch for a more reliable reproducer.
So check the entry after step_into(). unlink(), rmdir() and rename()
mark the dentry with dont_mount() before they detach the mounts and
remove the dentry.
So a dentry that is marked with DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT and is unhashed by the
time its mounts were looked at is a name that was unlinked under the
refwalk. DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT is read after the mounts were looked up and
it is set before they are detached by detach_mounts(). A refwalk that
missed the mounts will see DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT.
Plain d_unlinked() is fine. A rename takes the dentry off its hash chain
but ___d_drop() leaves d_hash.pprev set. So only __d_drop() and a rename
over the dentry unhash it. The only move that flips IS_ROOT splices in a
disconnected alias. That doesn't have DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT set.
Add the to step_into_slowpath(). ".." and LOOKUP_DOWN may legitimately
land on an unhashed directory. A refwalk that crossed onto a mount has
path.mnt different from nd->path.mnt. A dentry that a filesystem dropped
on its own (d_invalidate(), d_drop()) doesn't have the flag set and is
treated as before.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* unlink_covered: unlink a file that is a mountpoint in a detached copy of
* its mount, against walkers that open it through that copy.
*
* A is a tmpfs with the file f1 (content SECRET_F) and the plain file
* MARK_A. A' is an open_tree(OPEN_TREE_CLONE) copy of A with MARK_A bound
* on A'/f1, held through an O_PATH fd on its root once the tree fd is
* closed. Walkers open f1 through that fd while the driver unlinks A/f1,
* where nothing is mounted on it. A walker may read MARK_A or get ENOENT.
* A read of SECRET_F is a hit: the name was found after its mount was
* gone. The lockless walks use openat2(RESOLVE_CACHED).
*
* usage: unlink_covered [-t seconds] [-w walkers]
*/
#ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#endif
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdatomic.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#include <linux/openat2.h>
#ifndef __NR_open_tree
#define __NR_open_tree 428
#endif
#ifndef __NR_move_mount
#define __NR_move_mount 429
#endif
#ifndef __NR_openat2
#define __NR_openat2 437
#endif
#ifndef OPEN_TREE_CLONE
#define OPEN_TREE_CLONE 1
#endif
#ifndef OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC
#define OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC O_CLOEXEC
#endif
#ifndef MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH
#define MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH 0x00000004
#endif
#define WORK "/tmp/uc"
#define ADIR WORK "/A"
static int duration = 60, nwalkers = 3;
static atomic_int stop, writer_waiting;
static pthread_rwlock_t cur_lock = PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER;
static int cur_fd = -1; /* the root of A', -1 while there is none */
static atomic_long n_unlink, n_walk, n_mark, n_enoent, n_othe
---truncated--- |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
namespace: unhash a dentry before detaching the mounts on it
unlink(), rmdir() and rename() remove the entry from the filesystem,
call detach_mounts() on the entry with the inode locked and then call
d_delete() once the inode is unlocked.
The thing is that between detach_mounts() and d_delete() the dentry is
still hashed and positive. But after detach_mounts() nothing covers the
dentry anymore. A lookup that finds this dentry in the dcache can
uncover what the mounts hid.
That's a problem when unlinking files or directories that are
mountpoints in other mount namespaces. Everybody who had the underlying
entry covered can race the detach_mount() call until d_delete() has run.
The race window isn't all that small. It encompasses namespace_unlock()
with a full synchronize_rcu_expedited() grace period and the
inode_unlock() of the entry.
In my experiments three walkers that kept trying read an overmounted
file in 11938 of the 16140 unlinks that removed its mountpoint from a
bind mount of the filesystem within a minute.
Fun fact, d_invalidate() has the same ordering problem but gets it
right. It unhashes the dentry first and detaches the mounts afterwards.
Let's do the same in __detach_mounts():
- A lookup that hasn't found the dentry yet misses it in the dcache and
waits for the directory lock that the caller holds until the name is
gone for good.
- A lockless lookup that found it already fails the mount_lock check
while the dentry still counts as a mountpoint and the d_seq check once
it doesn't, and retries.
This fixes the lockless path. We still need to fix the reference count
lookup in a follow-up patch.
So d_drop() the dentry. The dentry stays positive and held but can't be
found anymore. Then proceed with the detach and unlink.
Reproducer:
The reads were counted with the program below, three walkers for 60 s
in a VM with 4 CPUs. The race window is stretched with the debug patch
pasted here. fs.detach_race_walk_us sleeps in lookup_fast() once it
found a mountpoint dentry and before its mounts are crossed.
fs.detach_race_unlink_us sleeps in vfs_unlink() between detach_mounts()
and d_delete().
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* unlink_covered: unlink a file that is a mountpoint in a detached copy of
* its mount, against lookups that open it through that copy.
*
* A is a tmpfs with the file f1 (content SECRET_F) and the plain file
* MARK_A. A' is an open_tree(OPEN_TREE_CLONE) copy of A with MARK_A bound
* on A'/f1, held through an O_PATH fd on its root once the tree fd is
* closed. Walkers open f1 through that fd while the driver unlinks A/f1,
* where nothing is mounted on it. A walker may read MARK_A or get ENOENT.
* A read of SECRET_F is a hit: the name was found after its mount was
* gone. The lockless walks use openat2(RESOLVE_CACHED).
*
* usage: unlink_covered [-t seconds] [-w walkers]
*/
#ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#endif
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdatomic.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#include <linux/openat2.h>
#ifndef __NR_open_tree
#define __NR_open_tree 428
#endif
#ifndef __NR_move_mount
#define __NR_move_mount 429
#endif
#ifndef __NR_openat2
#define __NR_openat2 437
#endif
#ifndef OPEN_TREE_CLONE
#define OPEN_TREE_CLONE 1
#endif
#ifndef OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC
#define OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC O_CLOEXEC
#endif
#ifndef MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH
#define MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH 0x00000004
#endif
#define WORK "/tmp/uc"
#define ADIR WORK "/A"
static int duration = 60, nwalkers = 3;
static atomic_int stop, writer_waiting;
static pthread_rwlock_t cur_lock = PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER;
static int cur_fd = -1; /* the root of A', -1 wh
---truncated--- |
| A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the vtkWindBladeReader FindVariableOffsets functionality of vtk (version(s): 9.6.1). A specially crafted .wind can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability. |
| A memory corruption vulnerability exists in the vtkBMPReader ExecuteDataWithInformation functionality of vtk (version(s): 9.6.1). A specially crafted .bmp file can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability. |
| HashiCorp Nomad and Nomad Enterprise are vulnerable to symlink following during same-client allocation data migration that may allow a malicious workload to change permissions and ownership of host directories. This could allow unauthorized access to host data or modification of host files, potentially leading to privilege escalation. This vulnerability (CVE-2026-119168) is fixed in Nomad 2.1.0 and Nomad Enterprise 2.1.0, 1.11.12, and 1.10.18. |
| A out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the vtkChacoReader InputGraph2 functionality of vtk (version(s): 9.6.1). A specially crafted chaco can lead to an out-of-bounds read. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability. |
| An invalid pointer dereference vulnerability exists in the vtkPNGReader::ExecuteInformation functionality of vtk 9.6. A specially crafted .png file can lead to a denial of service. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability. |
| Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Client-Side Caching (CSC) Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| A flaw was found in Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security for Kubernetes (RHACS). The Central SAML authentication ACS endpoint does not retain used SAML assertion or response identifiers to prevent replay. An attacker who obtains a valid, unexpired signed SAML response can submit it multiple times and receive distinct Central authentication tokens for the mapped identity. |
